Social Psychology Midterm

Aspire - Weekend

Spring 2007

   Please answer the following questions by choosing the most correct answer. (3 Points per question)  Please write your essay response on a separate sheet of paper. (25 points) 

1.      T   F   Social Psychology is the scientific field that studies how an individuals thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others. 

2.      According to your instructor, all of the following are factors affecting social interaction except 

a.       Actions and characteristics of others

b.      Cognitive processes

c.       Ecumenical variables

d.      Cultural context

e.       Biological factors

3.      Carl is late to work again, but manages to slide into his cubicle before the boss starts his morning trek through the “cube farm.” He knows others may have seen him as he noticed some “prairie dogging” even though he tried to tip toe in quietly. He figures that if the boss asks, he will control his eye movement and facial expression while explaining his tardiness with what he thinks is a believable story. The boss may detect which of the following from Carl that gives his lie away: 

a.      snickering

b.      throat clearing

c.       eye rolling

d.      body shifting 

4.      All of the following are cues that point to possible deception except: 

a.       Interchannel discrepancies

b.      Micro-expressions

c.       Self-efficacy

d.      Paralanguage 

5.      Which of the following is considered by your text to be a source of an attribution error? 

a.       Hot cognitions

b.      Correspondence bias

c.       Reconstructive memory

d.      Self-Serving Bias

6.      We use heuristics as

a.       retrieval

b.      encoding

c.       mental short-cuts

d.      cognitive restructuring

7.    According to the Differentiation handout differentiation is a balance between

a.       Self and others

b.      Love and logic

c.      Emotional connection and individuality

d.       Validation and individuality

8.      In identity dependent relationships all of the following are true except:

a.       They must have continual validation, contact and consensus from others

b.      Individuals feel threatened when others change

c.       Do not facilitate the development of those they love 

d.      They are able to stay in connection without being consumed by another

9.     T  F  The definition of Self-concept includes:

An organized collections of beliefs and feelings about oneself along with a tendency of individuals to regulate other’s behavior based on external events or internal factors.

10.  Which of the following is easily induced by the presence of mirrors or cameras?

a.       Self-Referencing effect

b.      Self-Focusing Effect

c.       Self-Relevant information

d.      Self-Monitoring effect

11.  You have just purchased a green 2007 Honda Accord and suddenly discover that there are many green 2007 Hondas on the road. You are experiencing which of the following?

a.       Self-Discrepancy

b.      Self-Focusing Effect

c.       Self-Relevant Information

d.      Self-Monitoring

12.    T   F   Your Beliefs, not the Activating events are the Cause or source of what you feel emotionally in any given circumstance. 

13. According to your text, the type of research in which researchers make no effort to change one of the variables is called

a.       Experimental

b.      Single Case research

c.       Case study

d.      Correlational

14. T    F   According to your notes the goal of Experimental research is to determine if a dependent variable influences some aspect of the research.

15.  When it is impossible to determine if any of the differences among various experimental conditions caused a change in those conditions, at least one of the variable is said to be a(n)

a.      Extraneous variable

b.      Independent variable

c.       Dependent variable

d.      Random variable

16. Which type of schema are mental framework that suggest that certain traits and behaviors go together and that, individuals having them represent certain types?

a.       Role Schema

b.      Person Schema

c.       Event Schema

d.      All of the above

17. Simple rules for making complex decisions or inferences in a rapid manner to avoid information overload are defined as

a.       hypothesis

b.       correlations

c.       heuristics

d.       attributions

18.  Brandon discovered that no one would expect much from him if he failed at everything he attempted. He literally planned ways to insure his failure by not doing homework, not taking care of himself and faking illness. Brandon is choosing to

a.      Self-handicap

b.      Self-monitor

c.       Self-medicate

d.      Self-Focus

19.  Bianna has always had trouble passing tests and in general, feels she should not go to college because she does not have the qualities of a good student especially because of her high school experiences. Which of the following types of memory is most likely the contributing factor to this problem?

a.      Short Term Memory

b.      Long Term Memory

c.       Reconstructive Memory

d.      Autobiographical memory

20.  Spreading activation refers to

a.       One Schema activation another schema

b.      Encoding and decoding information

c.       Accessibility and priming

d.      The automatic or controlled process of cognitions

21.  Sara wants to change how she thinks of others when she first meets them, to a more positive evaluation. As she begins to work on this cognitive task, she discovers which of the following automatic processes hinders her the most

a.       Choosing to behave in a certain manner

b.      Spontaneous trait inferences

c.       Thought stopping and exchanging

d.      Thinking carefully about another’s behaviors

22.  As the therapist asks Michael four significant questions to determine his reason for skipping classes, she notes a rapid eye movement or minute changes in his facial expression when asked if he is trying to get even with his parents. The nonverbal cues that helps her detect his deception is:

a.       Paralanguage

b.      Interchannel discrepancy

c.       Micro-expressions

d.      Pupil dialation

23.   Bethany and her team determined that it would be bad luck to wash their uniforms while they were on a winning streak. This would be considered an

    a. Representativeness Heuristic

    b. Availabiltiy Hheuristic

    c. Correspondence bias 

    d. Illusionary Correlation

24. Which of the following is evident when we need continual contact, validation and consensus from others

a.   Self-Concept

b.      Self-referencing

c.       Reflected sense of self

  d.      Co-dependent self

25. Keith struggles with feelings of guilt when he does not ace a test. According to the Self-Discrepancy theory he lacks congruence between which one of the following

a.       Ought-self and the actual self 

b.      Ideal self and the ought self

c.    Actual self and the ideal self

d.      None of the above

ESSAY:  Explain the concept of Differentiation. Give an example of how a person who is not highly differentiated might behave towards various individuals they interact with such as, parents, children, siblings, spouse, etc.